II. Raw Water and Environmental Requirements for Reverse Osmosis Equipment

Power Supply: 380V 50Hz

Water Supply: 3.0m3/h

Raw Water Requirements: -

Raw Water Temperature: 5-45℃

Raw Water pH: 3.0-10.0

Raw Water SDI (15 minutes) <5

Raw Water Turbidity <2NTU

Free Chlorine Concentration <0.1ppm

This equipment should be placed indoors to prevent accelerated aging of the mechanical components.

The equipment location should have a drainage ditch. Maximum drainage capacity is 1.5T/H.

The equipment location should have lighting facilities for operation.

The equipment location should have sufficient operating space for operation and maintenance.

The equipment should be protected from corrosive fumes and dust.

III. Equipment Operation

(1) Startup

1. Check electrical components and piping, ensure the raw water tank has water;

2. Turn on the water source switch before the inlet solenoid valve.

3. Turn on the [Rinse Solenoid Valve/Auto], [Raw Water Pump/Auto], [High-Pressure Pump/Auto], and [Main Power/ON].

4. The system starts automatic operation.

(2) Shutdown

Turn on the [Rinse Solenoid Valve/Manual] and rinse for 2 minutes.

Turn off the [Main Power/OFF].

Turn the [Rinse Solenoid Valve/Auto].

(3) Manual Flushing of Reverse Osmosis Membrane

Flushing: Ensure that the raw water tank has water and is being replenished, open the [Rinse Solenoid Valve/Manual].

Turn to [Raw Water Pump/Manual] [High-Pressure Pump/Manual].

After flushing for an appropriate time, turn to [Raw Water Pump/Stop] [High-Pressure Pump/Stop] [Rinse Solenoid Valve/Stop].

(4) Adjustment of Reverse Osmosis Valves

The reverse osmosis system has certain flow rate and pressure requirements. The equipment should be adjusted to the appropriate state to ensure stable operation of the reverse osmosis system. Adjustment is only needed once; the manual valve opening should remain unchanged thereafter.

1. Check electrical components and piping, ensure the raw water tank has water;

2. Turn on the water source switch before the inlet solenoid valve.

3. Fully open the RO high-pressure pump ball valve and concentrate water discharge valve, close the reflux valve.

4. Turn on the [Raw Water Pump/Manual], [High-Pressure Pump/Manual], and [Main Power/ON].

5. The RO system starts operation.

6. Adjustment of the high-pressure pump pressure switch: The high-pressure pump pressure switch mainly prevents damage to the equipment when the incoming water pressure is insufficient. Adjust the high-pressure pump pressure switch to 0.5kg/cm2, slightly close the high-pressure pump valve to prevent frequent starting of the high-pressure pump.

7. Adjust the concentrate water discharge valve (slightly close) so that the reverse osmosis membrane [inlet pressure] is approximately 0.8-1 MPa, the concentrate water flow rate is approximately 0.6 m3/h, and the pure water flow rate is approximately 1.5 m3/h. Adjust the return water valve so that the concentrate water flow rate is approximately 0.6-1.0 m3/h, and the [inlet pressure] is approximately 0.8-1 MPa (when all drainage can be used, it is recommended to close the return water valve to increase the membrane life).

Automatic Control Process of the Reverse Osmosis Main System:

Flowchart: When all buttons are set to automatic, the equipment executes the following procedure:

At startup, the raw water solenoid valve and rinse solenoid valve are fully open. The high-pressure pump opens after a 5-second delay. After rinsing for 30 seconds, the rinse solenoid valve closes, and the system enters normal water supply status.

When the system is equipped with a pure water high-level control (float switch), when the water is full, the system automatically opens the flushing solenoid valve and closes the high-pressure pump. After a low-pressure rinse for 20 seconds, the raw water pump and the water inlet solenoid valve are closed. When there is water in the raw water tank and the pure water tank is low, the raw water pump, high-pressure pump, and water inlet solenoid valve are automatically turned on for water production.

When the current treatment system is automatically flushing or regenerating, the high-pressure pump stops and the water inlet solenoid valve closes.

IV. Pre-treatment Operation Panel Instructions

A1—Inlet Valve A2—Outlet Valve A3—Backwash Inlet Valve A4—Backwash Drain Valve A5—Forward Wash Drain Valve

(I) Sand Filter

1. Specifications: φ400×SS1650,

2. Quantity: 1 unit

3. Material: Fiberglass

4. Filter Media Type: Refined quartz sand

Function: Effectively removes suspended solids and impurities from the water, reducing the influent turbidity.

(1) Operation

During normal startup, first open the inlet valve A1 and the forward wash drain valve A5. Control the water inflow at 1.0T/H. After running for 3-5 minutes, gradually open the outlet valve A2 and close the forward wash drain valve A5. At this time, the sand filter enters normal operation.

(2) Backwashing

As the operating time of the pure water machine increases, the intercepted pollutants gradually increase, and the water flow resistance increases. At this time, backwashing is required to restore the filtration capacity of the sand filter. First, open the backwash drain valve A4 and the backwash inlet valve A3. Control the backwash flow rate at about 1-2T/H. Backwash for 5 minutes (depending on the degree of blockage), flushing out the impurities and air bubbles trapped in the filter media until the effluent is clear.

(3) Forward Washing

After backwashing, forward washing is required. Open the inlet valve A1 and the forward wash drain valve A5. Control the flow rate at 1T/H. Forward wash until the effluent is clear and the water quality is qualified (about 3-4 minutes). Open the outlet valve A2 and close the forward wash drain valve A5 to return to normal operation.

(II) Carbon Filter

1. Specifications: φ400×SS1650,

2. Quantity: 1 unit

3. Material: Fiberglass

4. Filter Media Type: Water purification grade coconut shell activated carbon

Function: Effectively removes organic matter and residual chlorine from the water.

Operating method: The pipe valve layout of the carbon filter is shown in the figure above. The operating method is the same as the sand filter.

V. Pre-treatment Rinse Cycle Setting

Sand column: Once a day

Carbon column: Once every 3 days

Filter cartridge replacement: Determined according to the pollution situation, generally 1-2 weeks.

Daily replacement of 5μm PP filter cartridges and carbon cores:

To ensure the normal operation of the reverse osmosis system and extend the service life of the RO membrane, the system uses a 5μm PP filter cartridge with high filtration accuracy and a long service life. The replacement cycle depends on the water quality, generally one week. The replacement condition is that the filter cartridge is severely polluted over a large area, turning black or yellow.

The service life of the filter cartridge is directly related to the operating condition of the pre-treatment equipment. Good operation of the pre-treatment equipment can remove most solid particles, flocculent precipitates, and organic matter, reducing the load on the microfilter and extending the service life of the filter cartridge.

The filter cartridge should be replaced regularly to ensure its interception function; otherwise, it may cause irreparable damage to the RO membrane.

Replacement method:

1. Use a wrench to unscrew the filter housing

2. Remove the old filter cartridge

3. Insert the new filter cartridge, paying attention to placing the "O"-ring seal correctly, and place the filter cartridge in the center of the filter housing to ensure that the filter housing water line seals it.

4. Tighten the filter housing with a wrench.

VI. Maintenance and Maintenance of Reverse Osmosis Equipment

1. After water production is completed each shift, the reverse osmosis components should be rinsed protectively for 20 minutes.

2. As the operating time increases, sediments will adhere to the membrane surface, affecting the water permeability. Therefore, the RO components should be cleaned regularly. Targeted treatment should be carried out according to different pollution conditions.

3. The high-pressure pump should be regularly inspected and maintained, and the lubricating oil should be replaced in time according to the equipment manual.

4. Regularly inspect and check the conductivity meter and various pressure gauges to ensure their normal and accurate operation.

5. For short-term shutdown of the RO unit (no more than 3 days), low-pressure rinsing with the security filter effluent for 0.5 hours per day can be used, and the components should be kept full of water.

6. If the RO unit is shut down for a long time (>3 days), a 1% formaldehyde solution should be used to fill the RO components, then all valves should be closed, and inspections should be carried out monthly. In summer, control the ambient temperature to prevent mildew, and prevent freezing in winter. If necessary, 10-20% glycerin can be added.

New reverse osmosis membrane elements are usually soaked in a 1% NaHSO3 and 18% glycerin aqueous solution and stored in a sealed plastic bag. Even if the plastic bag is not broken, storage for about one year will not affect its service life and performance. Once the plastic bag is opened, it should be used as soon as possible to avoid adverse effects on the components due to the oxidation of NaHSO3 in the air. Therefore, the membrane should be opened as close to use as possible.

After the reverse osmosis equipment is tested, we have used two methods to protect the membrane. The equipment is tested and run for two days (15-24h), and then maintained with a 2% formaldehyde solution; or after running for 2-6h, it is maintained with a 1% NaHSO3 aqueous solution (air in the equipment pipeline should be drained, ensuring that the equipment does not leak, and closing all inlet and outlet valves).