With the introduction of the concept of building a "community with a shared future for mankind" and the continuous deepening of ecological civilization city construction, environmental protection issues have gradually received widespread attention from society. Water resource protection is the foundation of maintaining the operation of human society and is one of the indispensable basic resources for maintaining life signs. Therefore, in order to efficiently deal with water pollution problems and improve the comprehensive recycling efficiency of water resources, the application of ultrafiltration membrane technology in environmental engineering water pollution treatment has obvious application advantages. Ultrafiltration membrane technology can effectively filter viruses, colloidal substances, and suspended particles in polluted water bodies, thereby achieving the ultimate goal of purifying water resources. Compared with traditional biological methods, sol-gel methods, and coagulation-sedimentation methods, ultrafiltration membrane technology not only has high operating efficiency and broad application prospects, but also reduces energy consumption, so it is widely used in wastewater treatment in environmental engineering. Based on this, this article takes ultrafiltration membrane technology as the research object, analyzes its application effect in wastewater treatment in environmental engineering, and provides a reference for promoting the rapid development of this technology.

1. Overview of Ultrafiltration Membrane Technology Ultrafiltration membrane technology is a type of separation technology. This technology mainly uses liquid pressure to transfer low-molecular-weight solutes and solvents from one side of the ultrafiltration membrane to the other side, retaining the higher-molecular-weight side, thereby separating impurities from the liquid, which is the main way ultrafiltration membrane technology purifies wastewater resources through screening. In addition, the electrostatic action of chemical elements on the surface layer of the ultrafiltration membrane can also achieve the purpose of screening. In summary, ultrafiltration membrane technology has two prominent characteristics: one is physicochemical characteristics, including heat resistance and drug resistance; the other is separation characteristics, including molecular weight cut-off, etc. Ultrafiltration membrane technology has unique application advantages. Compared with traditional biological methods, sol-gel methods, and coagulation-sedimentation methods, it has the characteristics of high efficiency and cleanliness, ensuring the quality of water pollution purification, effectively reducing the use of chemicals, and better avoiding the current situation of secondary pollution during water resource purification. At the same time, ultrafiltration membrane technology has the advantages of simple operation and easy use, and only needs to perform two simple operations of "open" and "pause" to complete the purification process. In addition, ultrafiltration membrane technology has good chemical properties, that is, the filter membrane technology has stable acidity and alkalinity, which greatly expands the application range of this technology. Ultrafiltration membrane technology has strong high-temperature resistance, and the filtration temperature can exceed 150℃, so it has a significant promoting effect on the sterilization and disinfection of water resources. Ultrafiltration membrane technology has high purification accuracy and can effectively remove colloidal substances and bacteria from wastewater resources. Water pollution in China is relatively serious, and there are still a large number of aquatic plants, algal toxins, and worms. The use of ultrafiltration membrane technology can effectively kill worms and remove organic matter and microbial pathogens. Therefore, ultrafiltration membrane technology is becoming more and more widely used in wastewater purification treatment.

2. Application of Ultrafiltration Membrane Technology in Wastewater Treatment 2.1 Application of Ultrafiltration Membrane Technology in Drinking Water Treatment With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the urban population is increasing and becoming more concentrated, leading to urban spatial resources and drinking water supply gradually becoming one of the main factors restricting urban development. With the continuous increase in the urban population, the daily water consumption in cities continues to increase, and the daily wastewater volume also shows a continuous upward trend. Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of urban water resources and reduce the degree of wastewater pollution has become a primary issue that needs to be urgently addressed. In addition, China's freshwater resources are extremely scarce, and people's demand for the purity of water resources is getting higher and higher, requiring that the content of harmful substances and impurities in water resources be lower, which puts higher demands on wastewater purification technology. Ultrafiltration membrane technology has typical physical and chemical and separation characteristics, has high temperature resistance and drug resistance, and also has stable acidity and alkalinity. Therefore, it has unique application advantages in urban drinking water treatment, and can effectively remove organic matter, suspended particles, and harmful substances in drinking water, further ensuring urban drinking water safety.

2.2 Application of Ultrafiltration Membrane Technology in Seawater Desalination Freshwater resources are very scarce worldwide, but the area covered by water resources accounts for about 71% of the total area of the earth, that is, the seawater resources that cannot be directly used worldwide are very abundant. Therefore, seawater desalination is an important measure to solve the shortage of freshwater resources for mankind. The seawater desalination process is a complex and long-term process, and purifying seawater resources that cannot be directly used into freshwater resources that can be directly drunk is a long-term research topic. With the rapid development of science and technology, China's seawater desalination technology has gradually matured and improved. For example, using electroosmosis technology can achieve one-time desalination of seawater, but the energy consumption of seawater desalination is extremely large. Ultrafiltration membrane technology has strong separation characteristics and can effectively control the reverse osmosis problem in the seawater desalination process, thereby improving the efficiency of seawater desalination and reducing energy consumption. Therefore, ultrafiltration membrane technology has broad application prospects in future seawater desalination treatment. 2.3 Application of Ultrafiltration Membrane Technology in Domestic Wastewater With the continuous deepening of urbanization, the amount of domestic wastewater discharged by cities every day has increased dramatically, and how to reuse urban domestic wastewater is an urgent problem to be solved. As we all know, urban wastewater not only has a huge discharge volume, but also contains a lot of fatty substances, organic matter, and a large number of pathogenic microorganisms in the water, which poses a serious threat to the surrounding ecological environment and residents' health. If a large amount of domestic wastewater is directly discharged into the ecological environment, it will seriously pollute the surrounding ecological environment of the city, so it must be discharged after wastewater treatment. Ultrafiltration membrane technology has strong physical and chemical and separation characteristics, and can effectively separate organic matter and bacteria in water. Using ultrafiltration membrane technology to filter total phosphorus, total nitrogen, chloride ions, chemical oxygen demand, and total dissolved ions in urban domestic water, so that they all meet the basic standards of urban water.

3. Conclusion In summary, freshwater resource security is the basic material foundation for maintaining human survival and has a significant impact on social and economic development. Therefore, how to solve the contradiction between the supply and demand of freshwater resources is the foundation for influencing the stable development of society. Ultrafiltration membrane technology has powerful separation and physical and chemical functions, has strong heat resistance, drug resistance, and stable acidity and alkalinity, and has a good effect on removing suspended particles, organic matter, and bacteria from wastewater, and its application in wastewater purification treatment is becoming more and more extensive. Seawater desalination is the main measure to solve the shortage of freshwater resources, and research work in this area should be strengthened to provide strong support for alleviating the pressure on human water use.